Enhancing Sustainable Development in Nigeria: Overcoming Barriers to Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals through Public Policy, Health, and Social Integration

Abstract

Introduction: Although Nigeria made efforts to establish strategies to reach SDGs, there are lack of adequate actions that ensure its effective execution, being essential to promote multi-sectoral collaboration among civil society, the private sector and government institutions to solve these challenges. Objective: The objective of this study is to discuss the current scenario of SDG implementation, find barriers and suggest recommendations to improve the progress towards these goals. Method: Critical literature review using reports, academic journals and scientific articles. Results: Despite Nigeria’s commitment to the SDGs, inadequate infrastructure, socio-economic disparities, and environmental issues, particularly flooding, are challenges that continue to hinder progress. This study highlights that while frameworks for SDG implementation exist, they often lack the strategic actions needed for effective execution. The COVID-19 pandemic further exposed vulnerabilities in Nigeria’s health systems, affecting SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being). To address these issues, the study recommends multi-sectoral collaboration, the integration of local knowledge, and the promotion of gender equity and environmental sustainability. Conclusion: In conclusion, Nigeria must strengthen institutional frameworks and prioritize community-driven initiatives to overcome existing barriers and meet its SDG targets.