Effect Of Breed Differences On Growth Performance, Haematology and Serum Biochemical Indices of Indigenous and Commercial Broiler Chickens

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the feed intake, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of Fulani ecotype chickens, Noilers, and broilers (Cobb-500) to optimize feeding strategies and improve poultry production efficiency in Nigeria. A total of 300-day-old birds of mixed sexes were used, with 100 each of the Fulani ecotype, Noiler, and Broiler chickens randomly allotted into three experimental treatments. Each treatment was replicated five times with 20 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). The birds were fed an experimental diet formulated to contain 21% crude protein and 2900 Kcal ME/kg in a single-phase feeding regime. Feed and water were provided ad libitum throughout the experimental duration of 22 weeks for Fulani ecotype (T1) and Noilers (T2), while broilers (T3 as the control) were fed for 8 weeks. The results indicated significant differences (p<0.05) in daily feed intake among the species, with broilers consuming the most feed, followed by Noilers, and then Fulani ecotype chickens. Carcass analysis also revealed that broilers had the highest weights and meat yield, while Noilers exhibited intermediate values, and Fulani ecotype chickens had the lowest. These findings suggest that while broilers are best suited for commercial meat production, Noilers offer a balanced option for dual-purpose production, and Fulani ecotype chickens are better adapted to low-input systems. In conclusion, understanding the distinct characteristics of these breeds is essential for developing tailored feeding practices that can enhance productivity, reduce waste, and support sustainable poultry farming in Nigeria.