Permethrin Insecticide Susceptibility Status of Mosquito Vectors in Minna, Niger State Capital

Abstract

Insecticides play a vital role in the control of mosquito vectors and will continue to do so for the foreseeable feature. This study is therefore carried out to determine the level of resistance of mosquito vectors in Minna to permethrin insecticide. Mosquito larvae were collected and reared to adult from major conventional mosquito breeding habitats in five (5) selected areas of Minna (Bosso, Chanchaga, Gidan Mangoro, Maitunbi and Maikunkele). The adults from the different conventional breeding habitats in each of the areas were pooled together and subjected to CDC bottle bioassay using permethrin (0.75%) insecticide. The result showed that all the 3 genera of mosquito sampled in this study showed considerable resistance to permethrin (0.75%) insecticide. Anopheles mosquito showed the highest resistance to permethrin (0.75%) with average resistance of 15%, followed by Culex with 39.30% while Aedes mosquito had the least resistance (62.78%) to permethrin (0.75%) insecticide. All the areas have their Anopheles Mosquitoes to be resistant to permethrim (0.75%). However, among the 5 areas, Maikunkele had the highest susceptibility with the percentage mortality of 19%.This is followed by Gidan Mangoro with 18% mortality. All the Aedes Mosquitoes groups encountered in the five (5) study areas showed varying level of susceptibility which ranges from 50% mortality has observed in Gidan Mangoro to 78.33% mortality has observed in Bosso area. Among the 5 areas, Gidan Mangoro had the highest susceptibility with 47% mortality. This is followed by Bosso Area with 42% mortality. Meanwhile, Maitumbi is the least susceptible with 33% mortality. The result obtained from this study has indicated that all the mosquito vectors in Minna have shown considerable resistance to permethrin which is one of the major insecticides used in the area. This therefore, calls for urgent intervention in order to forestall the outbreak of mosquito-borne diseases in Minna.