Application of Passive Design Strategies for Fire Protection in Office Buildings, Minna, Niger State

Abstract

Nigeria continues to have a serious problem with fire occurrences in office buildings, which result in property damage and fatalities. Passive fire safety techniques are commonly disregarded, even in the face of current fire regulations, even though they are essential for limiting the spread of fire. In this study, office buildings in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria, are studied to see how effective passive fire prevention is. Architects, builders, and managers' understanding of passive fire safety will be evaluated, along with the effectiveness of various solutions being identified and gaps in design being highlighted. Case studies, questionnaires, and on-site observations were used to collect data using a descriptive methodology. The results indicate that a considerable proportion of office buildings in Minna are deficient in adequate passive fire safety measures, often depending largely on active systems. The evaluation revealed that only 65% of the buildings adhered to acceptable fire safety standards, underscoring a significant need for enhancement. Additionally, the study highlighted effective passive design strategies, including the use of fire-resistant materials and appropriate compartmentalization, which can markedly improve fire safety results. In conclusion, the thesis advocates for architects, builders, and regulatory bodies to emphasize the incorporation of passive fire protection strategies in architectural designs. It is also imperative to enhance training and education regarding fire safety protocols for industry professionals to ensure the successful implementation of these strategies. By following these recommendations, stakeholders can elevate fire safety standards, ultimately safeguarding lives and property in urban settings.