Application of the Geoelectric Characterization of the Aquifer in Kwakuti, North Central Nigeria

Abstract

Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES), using Schlumberger array was carried out to investigate the subsurface layer parameters used to delineate groundwater potential of a 500 x 500 m area of land defined by latitude 9.416622 N to 9.421171 N and longitude 6.618314 E to 6.622833 E located at Government Secondary School, Kwakuti, Niger State. A total of 36 VES points at 100 m interval were sounded with a 100 m maximum half inter current electrode spacing (AB/2). Result revealed that the study area is underlain by three (3) geoelectric layers which include: the top soil with 104.5 to 2260.5 Ωm, 0.6 to 3.8 m and 0.6 to 3.8 m as its range of resistivity, depth and thicknesses respectively; the weathered/fractured layer having resistivity of 44.9 to 606.0 Ωm, depth of 4.3 to 28.6 m and thickness of 4.2 to 26.2 m was considered aquifer layer. The fresh basement has 919.4 to 3816.9 Ωm as its range of resistivity value with undefined depth and thickness. The observed curve types were 100% H. Five (5) VES stations C3, C4, D2, D5, and E4 were delineated as aquifer potentials of the study area, having weathered/fractured resistivity, depths and thickness range from 135.2 to 227.7 Ωm, 20.6 to 28.6 m and 17.8 to 26.2 m respectively.