Development of an Extruder for the Extraction of Fish Oil from Fish Based Stock

Abstract

Fish oil are mostly used in the food, soap, medical and pharmaceuticals industry for the production of, oil for cooking, toilet soap and drugs. The objective of this work is to develop a technology for the extraction and processing of fish oil, from Cat Fish (clarias gariapinus) and Trunk Fish (mormyrus delicious); to design and fabricate, assemble the component and testing of the extruder, based on the design specification. While in designing and in material selection, consideration was given to the social – economic status of the intended user of the machine. The functional part of the machine includes worm shaft, cylindrical barrel gear box, oil outlet, cake outlet, and hopper The modification of the machine involves consideration on the process of extraction, time taken to extract, quality and quantity of oil recovered from the fish. The worm shaft is at increasing diameter while the screw system is at a decreasing pitch; these in turn give rise to a maximum pressure for oil extraction and fish cake extrusion process. In operation, the gradually built-up pressure along the worm conveys, crushes, grinds, presses and squeezes oil out of the pre-heated fish into the oil outlet. The fish residue is also extruded out through the fish cake outlet inform of flakes. The extruder was tested and result showed a reasonable oil yield and extraction efficiency, it is Powered by a 5 hp single phase electric motor. It is design to extract and recover about 80% oil from the whole body of the fish