Application of GIS as an intelligent system towards emergency response in road traffic accident in Ibadan

Abstract

The high influx of private and public vehicles within global cities (Ibadan inclusive) has resulted in traffic congestion within the city centre. Ibadan North-East an urban LGA within the metropolitan land area of Ibadan has been experiencing automobile accidents and traffic congestion which in turn limits emergency responders. This study made use of primary and secondary data to generate spatial and non-spatial data. ArcGIS 10.3 was used to create the database, analyzed data and display results. Spatial search and network analysis were carried out, using kernel density estimated tool to generate black-spot area within Ibadan North-East. Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm in ArcGIS Network Analyst was utilized to identify the closest health facility to the road traffic crash scene. The best route is defined as the route with the least travel cost determined by the impedance applied. Study findings show that dynamic distance varies from best route to alternative route; also, kernel density estimation reveals that crash widely occurs in the North-Eastern and Southwestern part of Ibadan North-East (Iwo road and Orita-Aperin). Incorporating live traffic data using GPS technology and traffic cameras was identified to enhance road traffic data documentation and safety.