Survey on Infestation and Damage of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Some Maize Fields in Kano, Nigeria

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm), an invasive pest native to the Americas, was first reported in Africa in 2016 and has since spread to over 44 countries across the continent. To confirm its presence and assess infestation levels and damage severity in Kano State, Nigeria, a field survey was conducted in selected Local Government Areas during both the dry and rainy seasons. The survey covered maize farms in Kura, Gwarzo, Tofa and Minjibir, using a random sampling method. Results indicated higher infestation and damage severity during the dry season, with the highest infestation rate recorded in Gwarzo (96%), and followed by Kura (89%). The damage severity was highest in Kura (8.0), followed by Gwarzo (6.8) on a 9.0 scale. In the rainy season, the highest infestation and damage severity were observed in Minjibir (75%, 5.35) and Gwarzo (51%, 4.25) respectively. These findings confirm the widespread presence and significant impact of Spodoptera frugiperda in the study area. Regular surveillance, monitoring and the implementation of integrated pest management strategies are recommended to mitigate the pest`s adverse effect on maize production. The results may also inform policy decisions regarding Spodoptera frugiperda management in Kano State.