2. Busari M. B., Hamzah R. U., Yusuf R. S., Yahaya, A. S., Oladejo N. A. (2025). Comparative Qualitative Phytochemical Contents and Antimicrobial Activities of Methanol Extract of Calotropis procera Flower and Latex. The 9th International Conference on Medical and Health Sciences, May 16-19, 2025, Dubai, UAE, Book of Proceeding, Pp 634-631

Abstract

Microbial infections are common disease among many ages and sexes. The most pathetic circumstances about their management is their resistance to the available drugs; which necessitate alternative therapy. Both C. procera flower and latex have been widely used locally in Nigeria to tackle microbial skin infections without any antimicrobial comparisons. Therefore, this study investigated the phytochemical constituents and in vitro activities of methanol extract of C. procera flower (MECPF) and its latex (CPL) against E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus using standard methods. Maximum inhibitory concentration of both MECPF and CPL were carried out on each bacterium at 20 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml and 60 mg/ml using standard methods. The MECPF and CPL revealed the presence of phenol, flavonoids, anthraquinone, steroids and terpenoids, while glycoside and tannins are only present in CPL. None of the concentration (20 mg/ml, 40mg/ml and 60 mg/ml) of CPL is however active against E. coli, while only 40 mg/ml and 60 mg/ml of MECPF are active against the same organism. The maximum concentration (20 mg/ml) of CPL shows higher zone of inhibition when compared with 60 mg/ml of MECPF on pseudomonas aeruginosa. Contradictorily, maximum concentration (20 mg/ml) of CPL shows higher zone of inhibition on staphylococcus aureus compared to the maximum concentration (60 mg/ml) of MECPF. Therefore, CPL possesses higher antimicrobial activities on pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus but lower antimicrobial activities against E. coli when compared with MECPF.