Role of vermiremediation in the management of heavily polluted oil spill environment: current trends.

Abstract

Abstract The surge in energy utilization in recent years can be attributed to quick population size, industrial advancements, and economic improvement in both developed and developing nations. Oil spills occurring from petroleum product exploration cause significant environmental damage. Paraffin, naphthalene, and aromatics are the primary hydrocarbon compounds that make up crude oil's chemical composition. Soil contaminated with crude oil is being treated using various methods to reduce the potential harm and danger to humans and the environment caused by crude contaminated soils. The chemical, thermal, physical, and biological processes are the most used. Vermiremediation is an eco-friendly technology that utilizes earthworms to remove soil pollutants. Earthworms' ability to change the physical, chemical, and biological constituent of the soil results in a decrease in pollutant spread. This review has revealed the potential in different earthworms sp. like Eisenia fetida, Dendrobaena veneta and Eiseninus trilobatus, to be successful vermiremediators. The biphasic degradation curve during vermiremediation is influenced by factors such as particulate diameter distribution, organic matter percentage changes, crude oil constitution, and the addition of adjusted microorganisms. Vermiremediation is the foremost cleaning up process for large scale applications and it is also imperative for elimination of oil from polluted sites.