Review on Depth Determination Bathymetry Using Remote Sensing Technique- Theoretical Appraisal

Abstract

The determination of topography of the seabed using remote sensing technique is important in the study of oceanic/sea dynamics. This paper presents the bathymetric mapping technologies by means of satellite remote sensing (RS) with special emphasis on bathymetry derivation models, methods, accuracies. Bathymetric mapping by using echo sounding sounders could result to some constraint. However, Remote sensing (RS) technologies present efficient and cost-effective means of mapping bathymetry over remote and broad areas. RS of bathymetry can be categorized into two namely: Active and Passive RS. Active RS methods are based on active satellite sensors, which emit radiation independent of sunlight to study the earth surface or atmospheric features, e.g., light detection and ranging (LIDAR), altimeters, etc. Passive RS methods are based on passive satellite sensors, which detect sunlight (natural source of light) radiation to study earth surface e.g., multispectral or optical satellite sensors. The Stumpf’s algorithm seems to perform better both in water attenuation and bottom reflectance having about 9.7% accuracy. This paper presents the development of bathymetric mapping technology by using RS, and to make most preferred preference models that can be used to determine seabed topography at a lower depth