Municipal Solid Waste Conversion to Energy and Derived Chemicals using Pyrolysis

Abstract

This research work evolved through the variables such as time and temperature to determine the highest bio-oil yields. Conventional pyrolysis was adopted in a drop type CVD pyrolyzer given the highest oil yields 32.50 %wt, at 500 0C for 30 min. The bio-oil properties (CHNS-O) at various temperatures were evaluated. Carbon, hydrogen, Nitrogen, sulphur and calorivic values were observed to increase as the temperatures increases, having highest values at 500 0C with a sudden decline at 550 0C. While oxygen, water contents, densities and pH values decrease as the temperature increases, with lowest values recorded at 500 0C and sharp increase at 550 0C. Hence, the degree of de-oxygenation also increases as the temperature increases with 18.87 %wt. at 500 0C and decreased at 550 0C. The results of FTIR analysis of the bio-oils at 500 0C indicate functional groups such as alkyl/Aromatic substitute ether (C-O), Aromatic 10 amine (C-N), Phenol/30 Alkanol (O-H), alkenes (C=C), Nitriles (C-N) and amines (N-H) with their areas.