http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/39 Agriculture Wed, 17 Jun 2026 17:49:30 GMT 2026-06-17T17:49:30Z http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/31220 Title: Profitability and determinants of profit efficiency among small scale organic vegetable (Spinach) farmers in Niger State, Nigeria. Authors: Abdullahi, A.; Sallawu, H.; Bako, R. U.; Abdulazeez, H. Abstract: This study assessed the profitability and determinants of profit efficiency among small-scale organic vegetable (spinach) farmers in Niger State, Nigeria, with the aim of generating evidence-based recommendations for improving productivity and returns. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 148 farmers, and the data was analysed using descriptive statistics, farm budgeting techniques, a perception index, and the trans-log stochastic frontier profit function. Results revealed that the majority (82%) of farmers were male, with a mean age of 40 years, and 70% had some form of formal education. The average farming experience was five years, with 76.67% cultivating one hectare or less. Profitability analysis indicated that organic vegetable production was economically viable, with an estimated net farm income of ₦67,808.31 per hectare, a gross margin of ₦70,273.56, and a return on investment of ₦1.53 for every naira invested. The gross ratio (0.46) and operating ratio (0.44) further confirmed profitability. The stochastic frontier results identified planting material, organic manure, labour, depreciation on equipment, and farm size as significant determinants of profit efficiency, alongside socio-economic factors such as age, household size, farming experience, awareness, and access to information on organic farming. The study concludes that organic vegetable farming offers strong potential for income generation and environmental sustainability. Policy recommendations include improving farmers’ access to information, strengthening extension services, and promoting cooperative structures to enhance economies of scale and bargaining power. Mon, 01 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/31220 2025-09-01T00:00:00Z http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/31219 Title: Effects of Livelihood Diversification on Cassava Farmers Household Food Consumption in Kogi State, Nigeria. Authors: Bako, R. U.; Jibrin, S.; Ibrahim, F. D.; Ahmed, N. O. Abstract: The study analyzed the effects of livelihood diversification on cassava farmers household food consumption in Kogi State, Nigeria. The objectives include, to identify livelihood activities engaged in, to describe their food consumption pattern, to analyze the effect of livelihood diversification. Primary data was collected with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire from 120 cassava farmers in the study area. Descriptive statistics and ordinary least square regression was employed to analyze the data. The result shows that 60% of the farmers were male, mostly married, with mean age of 49years, the livelihood activities engaged in were mostly processing of farm produce, petty trading and animal rearing, generating an annual income of ₦1,331,075, ₦541,083 and ₦459,083 respectively from the livelihoods. The result on food consumption pattern show that eating monotonous food, eating smaller size of food and skipping meals were the common. While the result on common food classes consumed shows that carbohydrate (yam, cassava, maize, rice), protein (beans and soybeans), fruits and vegetables (spinach and ugu) were the common. The OLS regression result shows that level of education, income from farm, income from livelihood activities and number of livelihood activities engaged in positively significantly affects food consumption at 1%, 5%, 5%, and 10% respectively. While the major constraints faced by farmers in diversifying livelihoods were inadequate capital, high cost of renting business premises and poor access to market. The study recommends increase access to loan facilities to the farmers, building of public business premises to be offered at reduced cost to enable them earn more income that will translate to increase in consumption of protein and vitamin rich food stuffs to combat hunger and increase well-being. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/31219 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/31217 Title: Effect of arable crop production on poverty status of farmers in Niger State, Authors: Ogaji, A; Sallawu, H.; Bako, R. U.; Osheghale, A. I .; Adedokun, M. Abstract: The study examined the effect of arable crop production on the poverty status of farmers in Bida local government, Niger State. Multistage sampling was employed to sample 180 respondents, Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Farm budgeting techniques, total factor productivity, Foster, Greer and Thorbecke and Logit regression model. The results indicate farmers mean age of 37 years with 69.5% having formal education, with a net income of N211,10. Seed (.0908), farm size (.0465), level of education (.0746) and income (0.5678) had direct influence on the productivity of the farmers. Based on the poverty line (₦4741.79), 65% of the farmer were found to be poor. Extension contact (-.8419), access to credit (-1.1989) and income (-.034) had inverse relationship with the poverty status of arable farmers. It was recommended that the farmers should form farmer cooperatives to take advantage of economics of scale purchase of inputs. Fri, 01 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/31217 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/31216 Title: Climate change and small scale poultry production in selected local government areas of Kwara State Nigeria Authors: Abdullahi, A.; Olatunji, O. I.; Bako, R. U. Abstract: The study examined climate change and small scale poultry production in selected local government area of Kwara State, Nigeria. A sample size of 100 poultry farmers were selected using multi stage sampling technique with the aid of a structured questionnaire, and analyzed using descriptive and inferential Statistics. The result of the study showed that dehydration of birds was the most challenging effect of climate change on poultry production perceived by poultry farmers with the mean value of 4.77. Giving plenty of water and providing heat source in poultry house were the mostly used adaptation strategy with 99% and 86% respectively. Double-log function was the lead equation with R-square (0.7882) and Feed, stock capacity, hired labour, depreciation, adaptation strategies, and age were the significant variables that affects adaptation strategies. The probability of farmers choosing management/medication adaption strategies against climate change increased with the farmers’ years of experience and number of birds, the severe constraints faced by poultry farmers in the study area include high cost of feed and limited capital. The study recommends involvement in cooperatives by poultry farmers in order to be kept abreast with new innovations and have easy access to loans to better their poultry production. Fri, 01 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/31216 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z