http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/7367 EEE 2026-06-18T18:50:11Z http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/30830 Title: FACTS-DG Coordination in an Integrated Transmission & Distribution Network (IT & DN). Authors: Sadiq, A. S.; Damari, I. A.; Buhari, M.; Adamu, S. S.; Ambafi, J. G. Abstract: To support improved performance and a sustainable power supply amid growing demand, modern power grids increasingly integrate Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) together with Distributed Generation (DG). However, planning studies often treat FACTS and DG independently, overlooking their mutual influence on system optimization. The work herein presents a bi-level optimization strategy designed to coordinate DG and FACTS for enhancing ATC, minimizing active losses, and reducing deviations in voltages. The methodology involves two optimizations: the Inner and Outer (IO and OO). The inner deploys a hybrid of the active flow Performance Index and PSO to plan Flexible AC Transmission Systems while Outer leverages Multiple objective variants of particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) to plan DG within a case study distribution network. The test network includes a distribution and transmission components, specifically using the Western Systems Coordinating Council's 9-bus system and the IEEE 16-node model. PV and PQ DG models are synchronized with two types of FACTS, TCSC and SSSC. Findings indicate notable ATC improvements, particularly with TCSC - PQDG and SSSC - PQDG combinations, and the Pareto front curves reveal a non-linear trend, where ATC gains plateau beyond a certain maximum value as the Pareto slope nears zero. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/30829 Title: Development of a Novel IoT-Based Smart Firefighting Robot for Real-Time Fire Detection and Suppression. Authors: Ambafi, J. G.; Onuche, O. P.; Onuche, P. U.; Babatunde, E. T.; Abdullahi, A. O.; Osazuwa, P.; Okonkwo, U. U. Abstract: Fire outbreaks have long posed significant threats to human life, property, and the environment, often resulting in substantial economic and social losses. In this study, we present the design and implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based fire-fighting robot developed to enhance early fire detection and automated suppression. The system was built around a microcontroller unit and integrates a suite of sensors for autonomous operation, enabling real-time fire detection. A motor driver controls the robot’s mobility, while a relay circuit manages the actuation of a direct current (DC) pump connected to a water jet spray mechanism for extinguishing fires. The robot also supports manual override functionality through a web-based interface accessible via smartphones or personal computers, incorporating a live camera feed for remote navigation and control. The prototype design increased response time by 30%, significantly improving the speed of fire suppression interventions. This improvement directly translated to a higher chance of containing fires before they escalate, reducing potential damage and increasing safety for occupants and first responders. We recommended that future developments expand the system's capabilities to address other classes of fires (e.g., Class B and C), beyond the current focus on Class A fires. Additionally, incorporating cloud-based infrastructure can improve real-time data processing, storage, analytics, and multi-location deployment, enabling smarter and more coordinated fire management. 2025-05-08T00:00:00Z http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/30828 Title: A review on development of an IoT-based system for enhancing yield in poultry farming. Authors: Ambafi, J. G.; Mohammed, Y. H.; Ahmad, A. S.; Ohize, H. O.; Dauda, U. S.; Musa, J. J. Abstract: The emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed traditional poultry farming practices in addressing productivity challenges, animal health, and sustainability. This paper provides a review of the development and application of IoT-based systems to improve productivity and enhance operational efficiency in poultry farming by integrating sensors, actuators, microcontrollers, cloud platforms, and mobile applications. IoT systems enable real-time monitoring and control of environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and concentration of harmful gases. The system also supports health monitoring, automatic feeding and watering systems, and data-driven decision-making. The review identified key challenges in adopting IoT-based systems, such as the high starting cost, lack of technical expertise, and data security concerns. The review also discussed potential solutions such as training programs, availability of affordable devices, and robust security measures. 2025-06-01T00:00:00Z http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/30827 Title: Household Carbon Footprint Assessment Using Real-Time Monitoring Devices: A Case Study of Talba Estate, Minna, Nigeria. Authors: Ambafi, J. G.; Dauda, U. S.; Jack, K. E.; Idakwo, H. O.; Olatomiwa, L. Abstract: The study focuses on the design, validation, and pilot deployment of a low-cost, real-time household carbon monitoring system in the Talba Estate, Minna, Nigeria, addressing the limited availability of affordable household-level emission monitoring tools in developing urban contexts. Due to ethical access and resource constraints, ten (10) households were randomly selected. This served as an exploratory pilot study to capture diurnal fluctuations of indoor CO₂ concentration and the household electricity consumption over a period of 30 days. Each sensor node, comprised of a Raspberry Pi 3B and an NDIR CO₂ sensor, was calibrated to a reference gas source recording an accuracy of ±2.8% (R² = 0.985). The study incorporated data on energy consumption, transportation, and the socio-economic status of households to determine the CO₂-equivalent emissions on a household basis. Emission levels were found to be significantly lower as the average household emission was 24.57 ± 4.21 kg CO₂ eq day⁻¹, almost 35% lower than the national average and significantly correlated with household income (r = 0.71) and with household size (r = 0.63). The findings emphasis that household emissions may be meaningfully reduced with targeted interventions that enhance energy efficiency. The created prototype served its purpose of consistent monitoring in resource-limited environments and did so at a cost 80% less than competing commercial systems. Overall, the study offers a complete and localised empirical analysis, aiding the formulation of sustainable policies for climate change mitigation in alignment with SDG 13 and the NDC targets of Nigeria. The study also provides a scalable model for localized carbon monitoring and responsive planning in adaptive environmental management for developing urban areas. 2026-02-05T00:00:00Z