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Effects of Photoperiod Regimes on Growth Performance of Heterobranchus bidorsalis (Geoffrey St.Hilaire,1809) fingerlings under Laboratory Conditions

2026-05-01T17:28:39Z

Title: Effects of Photoperiod Regimes on Growth Performance of Heterobranchus bidorsalis (Geoffrey St.Hilaire,1809) fingerlings under Laboratory Conditions Authors: Samuel, PO; Nuraini, U; Ayanwale, AV; Muhammed, AZ; Mgbemena, SA; Auta, Y.I Abstract: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License,which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. the fish was recorded in T3, followed by T1 while lowest growth performance was recorded in T2. Better feeding efficiency was also influenced by photoperiods as highest feeding rate was recorded in T3. Changes in body pigmentation was more prominent in T3 as H.bidorsalis fingerlings exposed to this regime became black and darker in appearance in comparison to T1 samples which were lighter in complexion. Consequently, it is believed that subjecting H.bidorsalis fingerlings to 0OL: 24D photoperiod regime by fish farmers can lead to improved farm yield and profits to the farmers.

Spatial and temporal variations in the Physicochemical parameters and abundance of macro invertebrate in Gurara reservoir, Kaduna state

2026-05-01T16:49:07Z

Title: Spatial and temporal variations in the Physicochemical parameters and abundance of macro invertebrate in Gurara reservoir, Kaduna state Authors: Patrick Ozovehe; Samuel, Tolani,; Rahimat, Titilayo; Auta, I Yohanna,; Mohammed, Z Adamu,; Chukwuemeka, I Victoria and; Adama, B Solomon Abstract: The spatial and temporal variations in the Physico-chemical parameters and the abundance of macroinvertebrates in Gurara Reservoir, Kaduna State were evaluated monthly for 6months from February-July,2018 using standard water sampling and modified kick sampling techniques, respectively. From the results, the water temperature ranged from 25.6-29.1℃, Air temperature ranged from 23.7-32.9℃, pH ranged from 8.8-9.8, Electrical Conductivity ranged from 37-114μS/cm, Total Alkalinity ranged from 24-44mg/L, BOD ranged from 1.0-2.2mg/L, DO ranged from 2.0-4.8mg/L in all the stations. A total of 1801individual species of macro-invertebrates in 12 families from 3 orders were collected from 3 stations during the research. The most dominant species are Melanoides tuberculata, followed by Corbicula nitens and Union mancus. The abundance of macro invertebrate was high during the dry season than raining season. The marginal high nutrient levels (Phosphate and nitrate) obtained at these stations during wet season are indication that the water body is stressed with organic input and increased high levels of anthropogenic activities. This study revealed that macroinvertebrate communities responded to changes in habitat quality of the reservoir

EFFECTS OF SOME ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF ZOOPLANKTON IN LAPAI-GWARI STREAM, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA

2026-05-01T16:23:59Z

Title: EFFECTS OF SOME ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF ZOOPLANKTON IN LAPAI-GWARI STREAM, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA Authors: Mohammed, A. Z; Musa, M; Arimoro, F. O.; Auta, Y. I,; Samuel, P. O,; Adama, B.S Abstract: The impact of some environmental factors on the distribution of zooplankton in the Lapai-Gwari stream was investigated for a period of six months using standard techniques to understand the ecosystem dynamics, species interactions, and overall ecosystem health. Results revealed that all the physical and chemical parameters studied were significantly different monthly with a high total dissolved solids value observed in the month of April which was above the National Environmental Standards and regulation enforcement agency for surface waters. A total of 902 individuals of zooplankton were observed which was made up of 51% rotifers, 20% copepods, and 29% Cladocerans. The rotifers were also found to be more in the rainy months with Filinia terminalis dominating in the month of March. Among the copepods, Macrocyclops fuscus was found to dominate in May. Whereas among the cladocera, Alonella exigua, dominates in August. The eigenvalues from the canonical correspondence analysis accounted for 29.37% of all the environmental parameters that were observed from Axis 1 and the permutation test revealed no significant difference. Brachionus baylyi, Brachionus palas, Asplanchna multiceps, Brachionus sesssilis, Euchlanis mentameyers,and Asplanchna intermedia, appeared to be strongly associated with alkalinity and the months of June and July. From the physico-chemical parameters and zooplankton the stream appeared slightly perturbed with the presences of polluting indicator organisms like Asplanchna Species and the Brachionus, probably due to the various anthropogenic activities around the stream and resulting inlow faunal diversity of zooplankton.

Physio-Chemical varieble heavy metals and macro invertabrates distribution along a pharmaceutical wastewater impactected stream in Minna, Niger State Nigeria

2026-05-01T15:52:01Z

Title: Physio-Chemical varieble heavy metals and macro invertabrates distribution along a pharmaceutical wastewater impactected stream in Minna, Niger State Nigeria Authors: Adama, B.S.; Isa, U.V.; Yohanna Iliya, Auta Iliya; Mohammed, A.Z.; Patrick, O.S.; Saba, J.J. Abstract: This study investigated the effect of Pharmaceutical effluent on the physico-chemical parameters, heavy Metalsand macro-invertebrates distribution along a pharmaceutical wastewater impacted stream in Minna. All parame-ters were determined using Standard method. Collection of sample was done in 4 sites of the Stream in Maitumbi,Minna. The method of APHA, (Abboud, 2014) was employed for the physico-chemical parameters with the use ofMulti-parameter meter (H19813) Grochek and Dissolved Oxygen Analyzer model Model JPB-607.The heavy metaldetermination was carryout using the procedure of (Kruis, 2005; APHA, 2014) and Atomic Absorption Spectro-photometer (AAS) model MY15110001. High performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used for determi-nation of anti-bionics in the effluent from the four samples sites. Macro-invertebrates samples were collected and analyzed using the procedures of APHA, (2014). Statistical analysis of data was done at 5% level of significance (P<0.05). Results showed that pH(7.6±.28-8.94±.61),Electrical Conductivity (463.6±115.59-1710.6±682.32 μs/cm),Temperature (26.4±.55-33.46±1.26℃),TDS(223.4±55)(1433±170.79 mg/l). Dissolved Oxygen.(3.44±.534.64±.14 mg/l),Alkalinity (118± 19.54-1238 ± 95.7 mg/l), Calcium (28.592±5.76-44.66±7.22 mg/l), carbon dioxide (6.084±1.1819.35±4.56 mg/l)Total Hardness(71.4±6.5-153±29.35) was within the acceptable limits set by Nigeria indus-trial Standard (NIS) and (WHO). Majority of other variables tested have values that are beyond the standard valuesof WHO,FEPA and USEPA with Conductivity and TDS having outrageous results. Similarly, the results of heavymetals analysis showed Lead to be absent in the effluents, but, indicates that Cadmium (0.00±00-0.35±.31 mg/l),Copper(0.25±0.12-29±0.49 mg/l),Manganese (0.14±0.05-25±60 mg/l) was detected at levels above the acceptablelimit set by national and international Standard organizations. The results of Macro-invertebrates shows a total of148 macro-invertebrate taxa, representing 3 orders in 6 families recorded during the 6-month study.Of the majorfauna groups,diptera contributed the highest percentage 70.95% of individual abundance which was significantlydiferent (P<0.05) among stations. Pollution tolerant (Chironomus) species at sites were better represented at sta-tion 2,3and 4.The results of anti-biotic analyzed are; Ciprofloxacin (concentration 0.049 μ/cm,0.099μ/cm,0.203 μ/cm) and 0.188 μ/cm (Control); Amoxicillin (0.571 μ/cm; 0.3 μ/cm;0.076 μ/cm; and 0.045 μ/cm (Control) Ampicillin(0.296 μ/cm,0.12 μ/cm,0.597 μ/cm and 0.296 μ/cm(Control); Metronidazole (0.249 μ/cm, 0.125 μ/cm,0.063 μ/cm and0.011 μ/cm(Control); Tetracycline (0.104 μ/cm, 0.099 μ/cm, 0.048 μ/cm, and 0.023 μ/cm (Control).They are at concentrations more than or equal to detection limits of selected methods. The presence of the drug signifies possible see page of pharmaceutical effluents into groundwater. The presence of some Dipteran Species associated with low dissolved oxygen levels in the impacted site bears credence to the fact that the chemical components of the wastewater were lethal to some aquatic forms. This calls for an abrupt use of modern treatments plants to reduce the level of toxicity that may results from discharge of the effluents which find their way into the water bodies around and pose threat to man and animals that depends on such water for survival. The use of bio-indicator organisms forestoration and remediation programme is highly recommended