SIPET http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/33 2026-05-14T03:15:58Z 2026-05-14T03:15:58Z Mohammed, I. S. Aliyu, M Simeon, I. M Akande, T. Y Mohammed, A. S Usman, M Anumiri, C. E Isah, A.G Shimizu, N http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/31080 2026-05-12T16:58:43Z 2025-09-03T00:00:00Z

Title: Design and Optimization of a Smart IoT-Integrated Bioreactor for Enhanced Biogas Production Using Multi-Algorithm Modelling Approaches Authors: Mohammed, I. S.; Aliyu, M; Simeon, I. M; Akande, T. Y; Mohammed, A. S; Usman, M; Anumiri, C. E; Isah, A.G; Shimizu, N Abstract: The growing global demand for clean and sustainable energy sources has intensified interest in biogas as a renewable alternative to fossil fuels. However, conventional biogas production systems often suffer from inefficiencies due to poor process monitoring and limited control mechanisms. This study focuses on the design, construction and optimization of a smart Internet of Things (IoT) system couple with anaerobic digestion (AD) bioreactor for improved biogas production and real time monitoring. Embedded sensors; temperature (DS18B20), carbon dioxide (MQ135), and methane (MQ4) were incorporated into the bioreactor connected to Thing-Speak IoT network for continuous visualization, remote system diagnostic and data acquisition. Three optimization schemes; Nelder-Mead Simplex Direct Search (NMSDS), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) were employed for optimum biogas generation, dynamic parameter identification and predictive modelling of the bioreactor performance. Between this evaluated algorithm, the NMSDS scheme shows the best prediction accuracy with objective function (J) and mean absolute error (MAE) value of 93.577 and 0.098 respectively, illustrating its performance in capturing the non-linear behavior of the AD system, while its average standard error of prediction (SEP) and standard error of calibration (SEC) attained by the system are 0.0155 and 0.010 respectively. The operational efficiency, predictive capability and stability of AD process enhanced significantly with the integration of smart IoT monitoring system and advanced modelling. Description: Nil

2025-09-03T00:00:00Z Aliyu, Mohammed Ibrahim, Shaba Mohammed Usman, Mohammad Dauda, Solomon Musa Igbetua, Joshua Igbetua http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/31079 2026-05-12T16:43:50Z 2020-06-26T00:00:00Z

Title: Production of composite briquettes (orange peels and corn cobs) and determination of its fuel properties Authors: Aliyu, Mohammed; Ibrahim, Shaba Mohammed; Usman, Mohammad; Dauda, Solomon Musa; Igbetua, Joshua Igbetua Abstract: Energy is one of the necessities for human existence. Currently, fossil fuel is the major source of energy from which the commonly used fuel products like kerosene and cooking gas are obtained. These sources of energy are not renewable and environmentally friendly. Therefore, it is necessary to explore renewable energy sources particularly from Agricultural residues. This study presents the investigation on the suitability of orange peels and corn cobs for composite briquette production. Due to the enormous wastes problem constituted by orange peels and corn cobs, it is necessary to utilise these wastes for energy purposes. Orange peels and corn cobs were collected from environment of Chanchaga and Kasuwan-Gwari Local Government Area of Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. The materials were sun-dried and milled using a locally available milling machine, sieved through a 2.36 mm sieve and mixed in the ratios of 20:80, 80:20, and 50:50 – orange peels to corn cobs. The samples were mixed at varying mass ratios with 80 g of pasty starch as a binder and compacted in a manually operated hydraulic jack briquetting machine. The formed briquettes were oven-dried and some physical and fuel properties were determined. Results showed sample A has the highest calorific value of 31886.04 kcal kg-1 followed by sample B with 31295.62 kcal kg-1 and the least was sample C with 31136.77 kcal kg-1 respectively. Sample A also had the highest carbon content followed by sample B and C respectively. This study revealed that the produced composite solid fuel could be used as a source of heat energy even in rural areas with little or no electrical power supply.

2020-06-26T00:00:00Z Oyedeji, Adesoji Adi0 Abolarin, Mathew Sunday Lawal, Sunday Albert Abdullahi, Alhaji Aliyu Sadiq, Ibrahim Ogu http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/31020 2026-05-10T17:16:00Z 2025-06-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Review of Blended Non-Edible Green Oil-Based Lubricants for Enhanced Performance in Two-stroke Engines Authors: Oyedeji, Adesoji Adi0; Abolarin, Mathew Sunday; Lawal, Sunday Albert; Abdullahi, Alhaji Aliyu; Sadiq, Ibrahim Ogu Abstract: The increasing environmental concerns associated with petroleum-based lubricants and growing demand for environmentally friendly solutions have spurred research into non-edible green oil-based lubricants, particularly for their application in two-stroke engines. Two-stroke engines, while offering advantages in power-to-weight ratio, pose environmental challenges due to their inherent design of the oil-fuel mixture. By utilizing non-edible sources, these lubricants help avoid competition with food crops, ensuring that edible oils remain available for human consumption, while non-edible oils present a promising solution. Study have shown green oil enhances mechanical and thermal braking efficiency by 13% and 27%, while it reduces emission of CO, CO2 and HC approximately by 62%, 54% and 44% respectively compared to conventional lubricants. This review explores the properties of various non-edible green oils, including their physicochemical characteristics and potential as base stocks for lubricants production. Furthermore, it explores the challenges and opportunities associated with these non-edible green oil-based lubricants. Furthermore, it analyses previous research on the application of green oil-based lubricants in two-stroke engines, focusing on their impact on engine performance, emissions, and wear. The review also discusses the role of additives and blending in improving the overall performance of these lubricants and highlights the need for further research to optimise their application in two-stroke engines. Finally, the review identifies key research gaps and future directions, emphasizing the need for systematic investigation of blend ratios, exploration of environmentally friendly nano-additives, and rigorous engine testing to unlock the full potential of blended non-edible green oil-based lubricants for sustainable two-stroke engine applications. This review underscores the potential of blended non-edible green oil-based lubricants as viable solutions for enhancing performance in two-stroke engines and encourages further research into their long-term effects and commercial viability.

2025-06-01T00:00:00Z Irechukwu, Charles Chinedu Lawal, Sunday Albert Sadiq, Ibrahim Ogu Abdullahi, Aliyu Alhaji Abutu, Joseph http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/31019 2026-05-10T16:20:35Z 2026-01-03T00:00:00Z

Title: Optimization Of FCA and MIG Welding Parameters for AISI-1045 Steel Authors: Irechukwu, Charles Chinedu; Lawal, Sunday Albert; Sadiq, Ibrahim Ogu; Abdullahi, Aliyu Alhaji; Abutu, Joseph Abstract: Welding is a vital industrial process for joining metals and thermoplastics, with Metal Inert Gas (MIG) and Flux Cored Arc (FCA) welding widely used due to their versatility and effectiveness. This study optimized FCA and MIG welding parameters for AISI 1045 alloy steel using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) via Central Composite Design (CCD) L20(5)3 in Minitab 20. The parent material and weldments were characterized through standard testing methods. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis confirmed the material as galvanized medium-carbon steel containing 0.376% carbon and 22–25% iron, while revealing a crystalline structure with features indicating crystal size and possible defects. Mechanical testing showed UTS values for welds were generally lower than the base metal, high joint efficiencies confirmed good bonding. Also, optimal conditions for hardness (FCAW: 4.6 kgm/s, 73.2 A, 28 mm; MIG: 8 kgm/s, 73.2 A, 24.6 mm), UTS (FCAW: 10 kgm/s, 73.2 A, 26 mm; MIG: 8 kgm/s, 73.2 A, 24.6 mm), and impact strength (MIG: 6 kgm/s, 106.8 A, 26 mm), with gas flow rate as the dominant factor and refined microstructures confirming superior weld quality and bonding. Both welds were free from porosity and cracks, underscoring the importance of parameter optimization for superior weld quality and mechanical performance.

2026-01-03T00:00:00Z