ACEMFS http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/29048 2026-05-31T21:06:18Z 2026-05-31T21:06:18Z Soumana, Boubacar Abdou Ibrahim, Abdoulkarim Issa Wuna, Muhammad Muhammad Makun, H. A http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/30442 2026-03-31T21:33:04Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: In silico antifungal effect of the bioactive compound of Eucalyptus camadalensus using molecular docking approach Authors: Soumana, Boubacar Abdou; Ibrahim, Abdoulkarim Issa; Wuna, Muhammad Muhammad; Makun, H. A Abstract: Stigmasterol, a naturally occurring phytosterol, from Eucalyptus camadalensus has demonstrated potential pharmacological relevance as a modulator of the CYP51B enzyme, a critical component of the sterol biosynthesis pathway in pathogenic fungi. CYP51B, a lanosterol 14α-demethylase, plays a pivotal role in converting lanosterol into ergosterol, a key structural element of fungal cell membranes essential for theirintegrity and function. Targeting CYP51B with inhibitors has been an effective antifungal strategy, as seen with azole drugs like saperconazole and pramiconazole. Computational binding analysis suggests that Stigmasterol exhibits a competitive binding affinity for CYP51B, with binding energy values comparable to those of conventional azole antifungals. Molecular interaction analysis reveals that Stigmasterol forms a strong hydrogen bond with Serine 375, contributing to ligand stabilization within the CYP51B active site. Additional stabilization is provided by a carbon-hydrogen bond with Histidine 374, while hydrophobic interactions with residues such as Alanine 307, Isoleucine 373, and Leucine 503 enhance its affinity for the enzyme’s hydrophobic binding pocket. Furthermore, π-alkyl interactions with aromatic residues,including Tyrosine 122, Tyrosine 136, and Phenylalanine 504, reinforce ligand binding through favorable entropic contributions. This finding implies that Stigmasterol may serve as a promising lead compound for antifungal drug development, particularly in response to the increasingprevalence of resistance to synthetic antifungal agents.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Edzili, Awono Antoine Thierry Ifeanyi, Famous Ossamulu Hadiza, Kudu Susan, Bekosai Salubuyi Jesse, Polly Shingu Umar, Faruk Garba Augustine, Emmanuel Abdulkabir, Aloaye Mahmud Dogo, Eustace Muhammad, Hadiza Lami Essia, Ngang Jean Justin Makun, Hussaini Anthony http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/30432 2026-03-31T19:30:26Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Natural Occurrence of Fungi and Aflatoxins Contamination in Maize, Rice and Sorghum from Gashaka Taraba State, Nigeria Authors: Edzili, Awono Antoine Thierry; Ifeanyi, Famous Ossamulu; Hadiza, Kudu; Susan, Bekosai Salubuyi; Jesse, Polly Shingu; Umar, Faruk Garba; Augustine, Emmanuel; Abdulkabir, Aloaye Mahmud; Dogo, Eustace; Muhammad, Hadiza Lami; Essia, Ngang Jean Justin; Makun, Hussaini Anthony Abstract: This work aimed to determine fungi profile and Aflatoxin levels in maize, rice, and sorghum consumed in Gashaka Local Government, Taraba State, Nigeria. Eighteen samples of maize (6), rice (6), and sorghum (6) from markets and stores were analyzed for fungi profiling and Aflatoxins using the conventional method of identification and Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) method respectively. Forty-one fungi species were isolated in maize, 36 in rice, and 26 in sorghum. Rice samples collected from the markets had the highest mean fungal load of (12.47 ± 10.01) x 10⁴ CFU/g while sorghum samples from the market had the lowest fungal load of (2.03 ± 1.27) x 10⁴ CFU/g. The predominant genera isolated were Aspergillus sp, Fusarium, and Penicillium sp. Aspergillus flavus (14.63%) and Aspergillus tamarii (14.63%) were the most prevalent species in maize. Aspergillus niger (13.88 %) and Aspergillus flavus (11.11 %) were predominant in rice. Fusarium solani (19.23%) and Fusarium oxysporum (13.79 %) were more prevalent in sorghum. Aflatoxins analysis revealed that 16.66% and 27.77 % of the samples exceeded the 2 µg/Kg and 4 µg/Kg EU maximum regulatory limit for AFB1 and total aflatoxins, respectively, in all cereals intended for direct human consumption. Rice from the market had the highest Aflatoxin B1 contamination (15.52±0.0 µg/kg), followed by maize from the market (4.15±2.28 µg/kg). Aflatoxins G2 (2.09±0.00 µg/kg) and Aflatoxin B1 (1.87±0.18 µg/kg) were most prevalent in stored maize. This study confirms low levels of Aflatoxins contamination in cereals from Taraba State but levels in rice exceed the European Union regulatory levels, raising public health concerns.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z