http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/108 2026-05-14T03:17:05Z 2026-05-14T03:17:05Z Philip, A. J. Jerome, P. I. Rifore, B. S. Fasanya, O. Isa, R. O. Olutoye, M. A. http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/29461 2025-05-11T00:16:29Z 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Gasification of Maize Cobs and its Characterization for Energy Generation Authors: Philip, A. J.; Jerome, P. I.; Rifore, B. S.; Fasanya, O.; Isa, R. O.; Olutoye, M. A. Abstract: gasification of maize cobs and its characterization for its energy potential was carried out. The proximate analysis of the maize cob gave 17.5% moisture content, 1.5% ash content, 73.0% volatile matter, and 8.0% fixed carbon content. A high calculated calorific value of 14.71 MJ/kg was gotten. The exit gas from pyrolysis at 5500C consists of CO, CO2, H2, H2O, CH4, N2, and C2H6 with percentage composition 7.3%, 11.49%, 0.52%, 4.7%, 4.18%, 3.66%, and, 7.83% respectively. At 700 ⁰C, the compositions were found to be 8.4%, 13.2%, 0.6%, 5.4%, 4.8%, 4.2%, and 9.0% respectively while 9.49%, 14.91%, 0.68%, 6.1%, 5.42%, 4.74% and 10.17% respectively was obtained for pyrolysis 850⁰C. The gasification process revealed that as the temperature was increased more of the biomass was converted to gas leading to less char generation. The result also showed increase in hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide as well as less desirable carbon dioxide with increase in pyrolysis temperature. The elemental analysis for percentage of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur emitted during gasification at 700 ⁰C for 15 minutes revealed C-78.43%, H-0.64%, O-19.98%, N-0.66%, and S-0.29%. The low amount of sulfur and nitrogen emitted concludes that maize cob can be tapped as a source for energy application. Optimization can be carried out to determine the optimal temperature for high calorific value gas yield

2023-01-01T00:00:00Z Isa, R. O Enaholo, A. H. Muhammad, A. A. Uloh, B. http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/29460 2025-05-11T00:05:15Z 2024-11-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Characterization and Comparison of Solvent Extracted and Traditional Mechanically Extracted Shea Butter Authors: Isa, R. O; Enaholo, A. H.; Muhammad, A. A.; Uloh, B. Abstract: Shea butter represents a very viable product for earning foreign exchange yet the potential of this abundant resource has not been adequately harnessed. This research compares the traditional mechanical extraction and solvent extraction methods of Shea butter using four different solvents namely ethanol, ethyl lactate, petroleum ether, and hexane. Fresh Shea nut was purchased from Kure market in Niger state and Shea butter was extracted from the nut using both traditional mechanical extraction and solvent extraction. Characterization of the extracted oil was done and the result showed the following chemical properties for solvent extraction method for the four solvents and traditional mechanical extraction respectively: acid value (6.72, 4.2, 8.96, 4.48, trace) mg KOH/g, free fatty acid (3.36, 2.1, 4.48, 2.24, trace) mg KOH/g, iodine number (6.36, 3.11, 5.43, 4.92, 5.36), peroxide value (9.30, 13.82, 10.99, 12.3, 14.13) meq O2/kg, saponification value (401.39,351.32, 348.18, 416.32, 419.13) mg KOH/g. Other physio-chemical properties quantified were moisture content (0.1062, 0.1215, 0.1086, 0.1064, 0.1380) %, density (0.880, 0.867, 0.879, 0.881,0.850), specific gravity (0.879, 0.894, 0.891, 0.894, 0.862), viscosity (88, 70, 69, 78, 80), melting point (32, 33, 34, 33, 34) OC, cloud point (34, 34 38, 34, 35)C, pour point (32, 31, 32, 31, 32) OC, flash point (249, 256, 250, 253, 255) OC, smoke point (219, 224, 217, 223, 223) OC for both solvent extraction and traditional mechanical method. The result obtained indicated that the most suitable method in terms of yield and moisture content was the solvent extraction method whereas the traditional mechanical extraction method had the advantage of low acid value and free fatty acid. It also showed that there was no significant difference in property using the four different solvents for extraction. Also both methods of extraction yielded shea butter with equally good physical and chemical properties that can compete favorably in the international market.

2024-11-01T00:00:00Z Obioha, U Dim, P. E. Okafor, J. O. http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/27484 2024-04-25T17:43:51Z 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Beneficiation and Characterization of Barite Mineral Ore for Industrial Application. Multidisciplinary Academic Conference, December, 31st, BUK, Kano State Nigeria Authors: Obioha, U; Dim, P. E.; Okafor, J. O.

2022-12-01T00:00:00Z Aboje, A. A. http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/27423 2024-04-24T19:20:25Z 2023-09-01T00:00:00Z

Title: A comparison of the RANS and LES turbulence models in the simulation of emissions from flares to the Environment Authors: Aboje, A. A. Abstract: Purpose: This study is an attempt to simulate wake-stabilized flares in the petroleum and gas industry using mathematical equations governing the flow, turbulence and combustion in flames as encoded in the ANSYS-HYSYS simulation software package. The work compares the RANS and LES turbulence models in conjunction with the partially premixed combustion model. The model uses the mixture fraction approach in order to predict the flame appearance and the thermochemical properties of the wake stabilized cross flow flame. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: The research strategy involves using the RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes) and the LES (Large Eddy Simulation) mathematical Models to simulate and to study the physical structure and the thermochemical properties of natural gas flares in the presence of crosswind. The wind-tunnel geometry was built and meshed using the ICEM software, the calculations were carried out in the ANSYS-Fluent CFD software and the computational data generated was processed and analyzed using the Tecplot CFD post-processing software package. The results of the simulation were then validated against the experimental work of Huang and Wang. Findings: The findings demonstrated that the LES turbulence model outperformed the RSM turbulence model in terms of predicting temperature trends and pollutant species. However, the peak temperatures at the analyzed measurement locations were predicted by both models accurately. The LES model also improved CO2 concentration predictions. In general, the LES turbulence model predicts more accurately than the RANS model, but the RANS model still provides a respectably accurate forecast of the thermo-chemical characteristics of the flame, making it a viable substitute for the more expensive LES. Practical Implications: The practical implications of the work is that simulation can be used in place of experiments to save money on some of the more expensive experimental projects since the results from the simulation agrees fairly well with the experimental data.

2023-09-01T00:00:00Z