DSpace Community: Journal Articles

Retention Impacts of Redundancy, Ellipsis and Figures of Speech in Campus Radio Broadcasting of Nigeria's North Central Conventional Universities

2026-10-27T15:35:24Z

Title: Retention Impacts of Redundancy, Ellipsis and Figures of Speech in Campus Radio Broadcasting of Nigeria's North Central Conventional Universities Authors: Ejembi, Johnny Francis; Umar, Adamu Abstract: This study examined the retention impacts of redundancy, ellipsis and figures of speech in campus radio broadcasting. The research was motivated by the observation that campus radio broadcasts often fall short of the professional standards required to enhance the retention of their messages. Using Cultivation, Information, Participatory and Grammatical Cohesion theories as its theoretical framework, the study adopted a mixed-method design combining a quantitative survey and participant observation of 400 members of the campus audience of Excellent FM 89.9 (University of Abuja), BSU FM 89.9 (Benue State University), Uni-Ilorin FM 89.3 (University of Ilorin) and PLASU FM 103.3 (Plateau State University, Bokkos). Findings revealed that redundancy was the most pervasive linguistic feature, manifesting mainly as lexicosemantic duplication; although it clutters broadcast language, it nonetheless aids the retention of broadcast messages. Ellipsis was frequently misapplied, with broadcasters routinely omitting information that ought to have been contextually recoverable. Complex figures of speech were rarely deployed correctly. The study concluded that student broadcasters inadvertently entrench inappropriate broadcast-language habits that ultimately reduce message retention among their audiences. It recommended structured broadcast training, mentorship, adoption of a house style guide and curriculum reform to integrate appropriate medialanguage instruction that can strengthen the retention of and feedback to, campus radio broadcast messages.

Multi-response modelling and quality optimization of plant-based functional beverage

2026-10-25T18:40:35Z

Title: Multi-response modelling and quality optimization of plant-based functional beverage Authors: Olorunsogo, Samuel Abstract: In recent times, the demand for functional foods and beverages with health benefits has been increasing. Demand for these products has risen in many parts of the world, and there has been growing recognition of the key role that functional foods and beverages play in disease prevention and treatment. Rapidly increasing knowledge of nutrition and plant biotechnology has dramatically changed concepts of food and health. Plant-based beverages are by far the most active functional drink category; they are excellent vehicles for the delivery of nutrients and bioactive compounds. They constitute the fastest-growing segment of the functional beverage market worldwide, and as consumers have become more aware of the relationship between diet and disease prevention, demand for these products has grown significantly. In this study, a powdered functional beverage developed from carrot, spinach, coconut, date fruit, garlic and beetroot was modelled and optimized using response surface methodology and the desirability function. A constrained D-optimal mixture experimental design comprising 31 randomized experimental runs was employed. The design constraints were: carrot (20–36%), spinach (20–36%), coconut (20–36%), date fruit (20–36%), garlic (0.5–2%) and beetroot (0.5–2%). The formulated samples were evaluated for selected proximate, physical, physicochemical, vitamin and mineral properties using standard procedures, and sensory evaluation was conducted by 50 consumers using a 9-point hedonic scale. Superimposition of the contour plots corresponding to each response resulted in an optimized powdered beverage with an overall desirability index of 0.599, based on the set optimization goals and the individual response desirability indices. The formulation that produced the optimal powdered beverage consisted of 21.70% carrot, 24.15% spinach, 28.32% coconut, 22.88% date fruit, 0.96% garlic and 2.00% beetroot. The quality properties of the optimal powdered beverage were: 8.58% moisture content, 9.74% protein, 43.98% carbohydrate, 6.56% fibre, 20.17% fat, 0.70 g/mL bulk density, 344.26 mL reconstitution index, 14.45 °Brix total soluble solids, pH 5.66, 5.80% reducing sugar, 0.21 mg/100 g vitamin B6, 30.01 mg/100 g vitamin C, 2.31 mg/100 g iron, 237.43 mg/100 g potassium, 40.62 mg/100 g calcium, 66.76 mg/100 g sodium and 32.08 mg/100 g magnesium, with an overall acceptability value of 6.69.

Growth performance and proximate composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) fingerlings fed varying inclusion levels of ripe banana (Musa Sapientum) peel

2026-10-23T17:32:51Z

Title: Growth performance and proximate composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) fingerlings fed varying inclusion levels of ripe banana (Musa Sapientum) peel Authors: Samuel, Patrick Ozovehe; Ogere, Isreal Onimisi Abstract: The cost of fish feed is of great concern in fish farming. The growth performance and proximate composition of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed varying inclusion levels of ripe banana peels as a possibility of replacing soybean as a component of the fish feed were evaluated for a period of 12 weeks. 250 C. gariepinus fingerlings were acclimated for 2weeks and fed to satiation morning and evening. Five isocaloric and nitrogenous diets were prepared from ripe bananapeel thus: 0% (Control), 25% (T25), 50% (T50), 75% (T75) and 100% (T100) inclusion levels to replace equal weights of soybean, respectively. Some growth parameters such as standard length (SL), total length (TL) and weight weredetermined on weekly basis. The proximate compositions of the fish in each treatment and control were determined at the end of the experiment. The data generated were subjected to one way analysis of variance and considered significant at P≤0.05. From the results; the weight, SL and TL mean values measured in the control were significantly higher than other treatments in most of the weeks of the experiment. The highest weight in the control was 52.43±10.80g while the highest amongst other treatments was 30.67±6.69g obtained in T75 at the end of the 12 weeks. The ash content, crude fibre and fat contents were mostly significantly in T75 and T100. The highest moisture content (12.88±0.74%) was also obtained in T100. The crude protein content was significantly higher in the control than other treatments with 68.69±0.35% at the end of the 12th week. The results of this research has shown that banana peel can be included up to 75% level of inclusion as possible replacement for soybean in fish meal production and therefore, capable of reducing the cost of fish production incurred by farmer. For optimal performance, the crude protein content should be improved upon by inclusion of other cheap protein sources.

Impacts of Vitamin E on Some Growth, Haematological, Antioxidant Activities and Proximate Compositions of Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Under Laboratory Conditions

2026-10-23T17:15:17Z

Title: Impacts of Vitamin E on Some Growth, Haematological, Antioxidant Activities and Proximate Compositions of Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Under Laboratory Conditions Authors: Samuel, Patrick Ozovehe; Garba, Hajara; Ahmed, Ramatu Nakordi Abstract: The assessment of the impacts of vitamin E on the growth, haematological parameters, proximate compositions, and production levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) fi ngerlings was evaluated for a period of twelve (12) weeks. A total of 300 fi sh were acclimated for two weeks, during which they were fed twice daily. These were then distributed into four treatments and replicates, including a control. Vitamin E was administered as 350mg/L for T1 , 450mg/L for T2, and 600mg/L for T3 . Measurements were made from each trough randomly bi-weekly for the duration of the research. These measurements include total length (TL), standard length (SL), and body weight. The specifi c growth rate (SGR), percentage total weight gain (%TWG), condition factor (CF), and Hepatosomatic Index (%HSI) were also calculated. Blood collection was also made from three randomly selected samples at the end of the experiment. These blood samples were analysed for full blood count following standard procedures. 3 samples were also randomly selected, and the liver, kidney, and gills were excised; homogenized in phosphate buff er, and then assayed for GSH and MDA. 2 samples of the fi sh were also processed for proximate composition analyses. The data generated were subjected to one-way analyses of variance at P<0.05 level of signifi cance. The results indicated that monocyte and neutrophil counts were signifi cantly diff erent in T2 and T3 , respectively. The red blood cells, white blood cells, haematocrit, and blood platelet counts were not signifi cantly diff erent. The SL mean values increased with an increase in Vitamin E concentration, and the maximum value was obtained in T3 at the end of the 12th week. At later stages of the research, the TL also increased with an increase in Vitamin E concentration and peaked in T3 with a mean value of 18.17cm. Likewise, the highest weight value was also obtained in T3 . The peak SGR, %HSI, and %TWG were also obtained in T3, while the maximum CF was obtained in T1 . The highest protein content (20.58±0.26%) was obtained in T3. The moisture content decreased with an increase in the concentration of the vitamin. The GSH production levels in the liver, kidney, and gills increased with an increase in the concentration of the vitamin, and the T3 mean values were signifi cantly higher than those of other treatments, including the control. The MDA production levels, however, decreased with an increase in vitamin E concentration. The results in this research have displayed positive impacts of the addition of vitamin E in terms of physical and physiological features of C. gariepinus and can therefore serve as an invaluable addition in fi sh farming.