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Imunization 1

In an attempt to improve sesame for reduction of seed loss due to shattering of capsule at harvest, the seeds of three varieties of sesame (NCRIBEN-04E, NCRIBEN-01M and NCRIBEN-03L) were treated with five different doses (0, 250, 350, 450 and 550 Gy) of gamma irradiation; 0 Gy being the control. All the treatments including the controls, were grown and monitored till maturity. The seed retention power of the treatments were assessed. From the results, the treatment due to 550 Gy had highest score (6) for both NCRIBEN-04E and NCRIBEN-01M and was categorized as non-shattering (NSH) type. All other treatments were categorized as shattering (SHA) type. Similarly all the treatments from NCRIBEN-03L were categorized as SHA with treatment due to 250 Gy having highest score (5). The three varieties showed positive correlations between the seed/capsule in upright (U) and seed/capsule in inverted (I) position but NCRIBEN-01M was not significant (r = 0.650). The NCRIBEN-04E showed negative correlation between U and length of suture (L) and I and L (r = -0.570 and -0.358 respectively). This result has shown that the dose 550 Gy seems to be promising in generating mutants with high resistance to capsule shattering in sesame. There is need to advance these mutants to M2 and M3 generations to ascertain this seed retention capacity. 1

In an experiment to determine the effect of feeding varying levels of Water Hyacinth Meal (WHM) supplemented with and without exogenous enzymes (Maxigrain®) on the gut morphology, meat yield and sensory properties of laying hens, a total of 216 laying hens aged 24 weeks and 4 weeks in lay were used. Six experimental diets were formulated based on the Completely Randomized Design model using a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement made up of two levels of enzyme (No enzyme, With enzyme) and three dietary inclusion levels of WHM (0, 10 and 20 %). At the end of the feeding trial, two birds per replicate were randomly selected, kept off feed for 12 hours, slaughtered, defeatheded, eviscerated and dressed. The meat of the breast and thigh of each replicate sample were then selected for sensory evaluation. All parameters were expressed as percentage of live weight. Results showed that there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in live weight (LW), slaughter weight (SW), defeathered weight (DW), eviscerated weight (EWT) and dressed weight (DW) between birds fed diets supplemented with exogenous enzymes and those without exogenous enzyme supplementation; and between birds fed the varying dietary inclusion levels of WHM (0, 10 and 20 %). Also, there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in the weight of the head, neck, breast, back, thigh, drumsticks, wings and shanks between the birds fed diets supplemented with exogenous enzymes and those without exogenous enzyme supplementation; and between the birds fed the varying dietary inclusion levels of WHM (0, 10 and 20 %). Of all the internal organs assessed, only the gizzard weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher for the non-enzyme-supplemented diets than for the enzyme-supplemented diets. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences in appearance, flavour, juiciness, tenderness and overall acceptability between the meat of birds fed diets supplemented with exogenous enzymes and those without exogenous enzyme supplementation; but the meat of birds fed 10 and 20 % dietary inclusion levels of WHM had significantly (p<0.05) higher scores for tenderness and general acceptability than the meat of birds fed the 0 % dietary inclusion level of WHM. Hence, WHM can be included up to 20 % in layer diets for optimal meat yield, gut morphology and sensory properties. Key words: Gut morphology, water hyacinth, laying hen 1

in medias res CBA 1

in ovo, glucose, fertility, hatchability, hatch rate, Japanese quail. 1

In this work, Ag2O/B2O3/TiO2 ternary nanocomposite was synthesized by a combination of green and precipitation method involving mixing of different concentrations of silver nitrate, boric acid, and titanium (IV) isopropoxide precursor with Plumeria acuminate leaf extract. The extract was obtained by boiling the mixture of distilled water and the powdered leaves in a beaker for few minutes followed by filtration. The microstructure, morphology, chemical composition, surface area, phase structure, and optical properties of the various prepared nanomaterials were determined by HRTEM, HRSEM, UV-Vis/DRS, BET, XRD, and XPS. The photocatalytic potential of TiO2 nanoparticles and Ag2O/B2O3/TiO2 nanocomposites to degrade local dyeing wastewater under artificial and natural sunlight irradiation was investigated. The extent of degradation of the organic pollutants was measured using chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) as indicator parameters. The XRD pattern of Ag2O/B2O3/TiO2 nanocomposites revealed that the formation of pure anatase TiO2 phase and the addition of both silver and boron precursors did not influenced the phase structure of the nanocomposites. The oxidation states of +1 and +3 for both Ag and B on the surface of Ag2O/B2O3/TiO2 nanocomposites were confirmed by XPS. Optical characterization of the sample revealed reduction of band gap energy from 2.6 to 2.0 eV for TiO2 and Ag2O/B2O3/TiO2, respectively. The Ag2O/B2O3/TiO2 nanocomposites demonstrated excellent photocatalytic activity under natural sunlight and artificial light than mono and binary oxide systems with TOC and COD degradation efficiencies of 86.11% and 75.69%, respectively. The kinetics of degradation of organic dyes in the wastewater followed the order of Langmuir–Hinshelwood pseudo-first-order > Freundlich > Zero > Parabolic diffusion model. The coupling effect of Ag2O and B2O3 onto TiO2 framework was responsible for the enhanced photochemical stability of the nanocomposites even after five repeated cycles.Greensynthesis .Co-doping .Borontrioxide .Silveroxide . TiO2nanoparticles .Photocatalyticactivity .Localdyeing wastewater . Light sources 1

In Vitro 1

In vitro 4

In vitro activity 6

In vitro antioxidant 1

in vitro antioxidants activities 2

In vivo 3

In vivo activity 5

in- vitro 1

in-house 2

in-house; 1

In-network computing 1

In-network data storage service 1

In-services training, 1

In-situ bearing capacity 1

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